Solomon, King David's son, was required to decide which of two women was the mother of a baby, when each of them claimed parenthood. Both had recently given birth, but one child had died. The story is recounted in the Old Testament (I Kings 3: 16-28).
Solomon announced that the child should be cut in two, so that each mother should have half. The real mother, unable to bear her son being killed, immediately offered it to the other woman, to save the child's life, whereas the other agreed to the proposal. The false mother was thus exposed, and Solomon returned the living child to its real mother.
Solomon's judgement showed his wisdom.